Lub laser diode yog yeej tseem zoo ib semiconductor diode. Raws li seb PN hlov khoom siv puas zoo ib yam, cov laser diode tuaj yeem muab faib ua homojunction, ib qho kev ua haujlwm sib luag (SH), ob chav ua haujlwm heterojunction (DH) thiab quantum zoo (QW) laser diode. Quantum zoo laser diodes muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev pib qis tam sim no thiab siab tso zis ntau zog, thiab yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua lag luam. Piv nrog rau lasers, laser diodes muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov high efficiency, me me luaj li cas thiab lub neej ntev ntev, tab sis lawv tso zis ntau zog yog me me (feem tsawg tshaj 2mW), linearity thiab monochromaticity yog tsis zoo, yog li lawv daim ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cable TV systems uas cuam tshuam. Tsawg tsawg, tsis tuaj yeem xa tawm ntau cov channel, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cim qhia. Nyob rau hauv lub rov qab module ntawm lub bidirectional kho qhov muag receiver, lub uplink kis tau tus mob feem ntau siv ib tug quantum zoo laser diode li ib lub teeb qhov chaw.
Ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob semiconductor laser diode, lub dav hlau ntawm lub dav hlau sib txuas ua ke mus rau PN kev sib tshuam, ua rau Fabry-Perot kab noj hniav, uas tej zaum yog cov nplaim ya mus ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob semiconductor siv hluav taws xob lossis lub dav hlau polished. Ntawm ob sab yog qhov nyuaj heev kom tshem tawm cov kev txiav txim laser hauv lwm qhov kev taw qhia hauv lub ntsiab.
Lub teeb hluav taws xob hauv cov hluav taws xob semiconductors feem ntau yog los ntawm kev rov ua kom tiav ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom. Thaum PN kev sib tshuam ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub zog hluav taws xob rau pem hauv ntej, PN hlws ris thaiv tsis muaj zog, yuam kom cov xaim hluav taws xob los ntawm N thaj av dhau los ntawm PN kev sib tshuam mus rau P cheeb tsam, thiab cov qhov raug txhaj los ntawm P cheeb tsam los ntawm PN hlws ris rau hauv lub N cheeb tsam, thiab cov no yog txhaj nyob ze ntawm lub PN hlws ris. Qhov sib luag ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lub qhov yuav rov tso tawm cov duab photon wavelength λ, uas muaj cov qauv hauv qab no:
= hc / Eg (1)
h-Planck tas li; c-ceev ntawm lub teeb; Eg-txwv tsis pub band dav ntawm lub semiconductor.
Qhov saum toj no phenomenon ntawm luminescence vim txawj recombination ntawm electrons thiab qhov no yog hu ua txawj emission. Thaum lub photons generated los ntawm txawj emission pass los ntawm cov semiconductor, thaum lawv kis tau los ntawm cov tawm txim liab electron-qhov officers, lawv yuav tsum tau zoo siab heev rau recombine thiab tsim tshiab photons, uas ntxias cov pog muaj mus recombine thiab emit tshiab photons. Qhov tshwm sim hu ua hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kab mob. Yog tias kev txhaj tshuaj tam sim no loj txaus, ib tus neeg nqa khoom tau xa tawm ncaj qha rau cov cua sov kom sov hauv lub xeev tau tsim, uas yog, cov neeg nyob tus lej raug rov qab. Thaum lub muaj nyob rau hauv lub active txheej yog nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm reversals, ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm nthawv generated photons tsim inductive tawg vim reciprocal thiaj ntawm ob hnub ntawm lub resonant kab noj hniav, uas ua nyob rau hauv zoo tswv yim ntawm cov zaus xim resonance, los yog nce rau ib qho zaus. Thaum qhov nce tau ntau dua li qhov nqus poob, ib lub teeb ci nrog cov zoo spectral kab, lub laser, tuaj yeem tawm ntawm PN hlws ris, uas yog cov qauv yooj yim ntawm cov laser diode.